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Coronavirus Disease-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Devastating Complication of COVID-19

Adeel Nasrullah1, Anam Javed1, Khalid Malik2

  • 1Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, USA.

Cureus
|March 4, 2021
PubMed

Insights

A new complication, coronavirus disease-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA), has emerged in COVID-19 patients. This report details a CAPA case in an immunocompetent patient on VV-ECMO, discussing its pathophysiology, presentation, and management.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • COVID-19 can trigger a severe immune response, leading to complications like kidney failure, myocarditis, and stroke.
  • A novel condition, COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA), has been identified, but literature remains scarce.

Observation:

  • This report presents a unique case of CAPA in an immunocompetent patient.
  • The patient required veno-venous extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) support.
  • This case highlights the occurrence of CAPA even in non-immunocompromised individuals.

Findings:

  • The study details the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management strategies for CAPA.
  • It provides insights into the diagnostic challenges and therapeutic approaches for this emerging complication.
  • The case underscores the importance of considering fungal co-infections in severe COVID-19.

Implications:

  • Understanding CAPA is crucial for improving outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
  • This case contributes to the limited body of knowledge on CAPA, aiding clinicians in diagnosis and treatment.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the full spectrum and optimal management of CAPA.

Keywords:
corona virus disease 2019 (covid-19)immuno-competentinvasive aspergillosisvv-ecmo

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