What every dentist needs to know about human papillomavirus

Area of Science:

• Oral Health
• Oncology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is nearly ubiquitous worldwide in adolescents and adults.
• While historically linked to cervical and uterine cancers, HPV is increasingly associated with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in both sexes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the oral health implications of HPV infection.
• To discuss prevalence, manifestations, neoplastic potential, and treatment of HPV-associated head and neck lesions.
• To highlight the role of oral healthcare providers in patient screening, referral, and HPV vaccination advocacy.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of HPV infection in oral and oropharyngeal contexts.
• Analysis of neoplastic potential and treatment modalities for HPV-associated lesions.
• Discussion of vaccine use and continuing education needs for dental professionals.

Main Results:

• HPV infection presents various oral and oropharyngeal manifestations.
• HPV-associated head and neck lesions carry neoplastic potential.
• Effective screening, timely referral, and vaccination are crucial for managing HPV's oral health impact.

Conclusions:

• Oral healthcare providers play a vital role in identifying and managing HPV-related oral conditions.
• Routine screening for oral HPV manifestations is recommended for all patients.
• Promoting HPV vaccination is essential for preventing HPV-associated cancers.