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Impact of outpatient SARS-CoV-2 infections in minority children

Vanessa Denny1, Niva Shah1, Karolina Petro1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Goryeb Children's Hospital.

Medicine
|March 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Children over 10, Hispanic ethnicity, and poverty were linked to higher severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection risk. Older girls experienced longer symptom duration, highlighting the need for further research.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on non-hospitalized children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
  • Understanding risk factors and clinical courses in this population is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze risk factors, demographics, and clinical outcomes of non-hospitalized pediatric patients with COVID-19.
  • To identify characteristics associated with higher infection risk and prolonged symptoms in children.

Main Methods:

  • Observational, retrospective study.
  • Analysis of 170 non-hospitalized pediatric patients (≤21 years) with COVID-19.
  • Telephone survey conducted with 40 participants.

Main Results:

  • Children over 10 years (OR: 2.19), Hispanic ethnicity (OR: 3), and residing in high-poverty counties (OR: 1.5) had increased SARS-CoV-2 infection risk.
  • Older girls were more likely to have prolonged symptoms (median: 32 days).
  • Fever and cough were common; shortness of breath, diarrhea, anosmia, and ageusia were more frequent than previously reported.

Conclusions:

  • Specific demographic and socioeconomic factors increase pediatric COVID-19 risk.
  • Clinical presentation in non-hospitalized children may differ from previous reports.
  • Further research is needed on the clinical and psychosocial impact in high-risk pediatric populations.

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