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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Position-effect Variegation02:32

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In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
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Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Modulation of sirtuin expression by a high-sugar diet and regular swimming trained precedes the loss of kidney function.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Using Eggs from Schistosoma mansoni as an In vivo Model of Helminth-induced Lung Inflammation
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Using Eggs from Schistosoma mansoni as an In vivo Model of Helminth-induced Lung Inflammation

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Epigenetic Markers Associated with Schistosomiasis.

R A Gomes Assenço1, E Alves Mota2, V F De Oliveira2,3

  • 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (CiPharma), Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. Ouro Preto, CEP 35400-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Helminthologia
|March 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic biomarkers offer a promising avenue for schistosomiasis diagnosis, overcoming limitations of current methods like microscopy and immunological screening. These molecular approaches aim for earlier disease detection and improved treatment to prevent liver damage.

Keywords:
DNA methylationSchistosomiasisepigenetic markershistone modificationmiRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Current schistosomiasis diagnosis methods, including microscopy for egg detection and immunological screening, have limitations such as low sensitivity and persistent positivity post-treatment.
  • Molecular diagnostic approaches are emerging as superior alternatives to overcome the disadvantages of traditional methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of the epigenome as a source of complementary data for genome knowledge in schistosomiasis diagnosis.
  • To highlight the development of molecular methodologies based on epigenetic biomarkers for improved disease diagnosis and early clinical treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current laboratory diagnostic methods for schistosomiasis (microscopy, immunological screening).
  • Focus on the development and application of molecular methodologies utilizing epigenetic biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic biomarkers show potential for enhancing schistosomiasis diagnosis.
  • Molecular methods based on epigenetics offer advantages over existing diagnostic techniques.

Conclusions:

  • The epigenome provides valuable complementary data for schistosomiasis diagnosis.
  • Epigenetic biomarker-based molecular diagnostics can lead to earlier detection and intervention, preventing severe liver damage.