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Related Experiment Video

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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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Approaching Single-Photon Pulses.

Jan Gulla1, Johannes Skaar2

  • 1Department of Technology Systems, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway.

Physical Review Letters
|March 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Generating on-demand single-photon pulses is challenging. This study establishes bounds for approximating single photons, with implications for ultrafast optics and pulse design.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Ultrafast optics

Background:

  • On-demand single-photon pulse generation is limited by fundamental physics.
  • Existing methods result in multiphoton probabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Derive bounds for the fidelity of states approximating single-photon pulses.
  • Analyze the impact of pulse characteristics on fidelity.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical derivation of upper and lower bounds.
  • Analysis of pulse envelope variations and cycle counts.

Main Results:

  • Established bounds for maximum fidelity of approximate single-photon states.
  • Fidelity is low for short pulses and increases with slower envelope variations.
  • Demonstrated strictly localized states approximating single photons.

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Conclusions:

  • Fidelity of single-photon approximations is constrained by pulse properties.
  • Optimizing pulse envelope variation is key for high-fidelity single-photon generation in ultrafast optics.