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In vivo soft tissue reinforcement with bacterial nanocellulose.

Irene Anton-Sales1, Soledad Roig-Sanchez1, Kamelia Traeger2

  • 1Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain. anna.roig@csic.es.

Biomaterials Science
|March 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) shows promise as a hernia repair material. This bio-based polymer offers excellent mechanical strength and anti-adhesion properties, potentially reducing complications from surgical meshes.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Hernia repair frequently utilizes surgical meshes, but complications like intraperitoneal adhesions can lead to chronic pain and bowel perforation.
  • Current mesh materials and fixation methods still present challenges in achieving optimal clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness.
  • Developing novel biomaterials with improved anti-adhesive properties is crucial for enhancing hernia surgery success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) as a potential biomaterial for soft tissue reinforcement in hernia repair.
  • To assess the mechanical properties and in vivo anti-adhesive performance of BNC for hernioplasty applications.
  • To explore BNC-polypropylene (BNC-PP) composites for hernia repair mesh development.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a double-layer BNC laminate to assess mechanical resistance for hernia meshes.
  • Preparation of BNC-polypropylene (BNC-PP) composites incorporating a commercial mesh.
  • In vivo implantation study of BNC patches in a rabbit model to evaluate anti-adhesive performance over 21 days.

Main Results:

  • A double-layer BNC laminate met the mechanical resistance standards required for abdominal hernia meshes.
  • In vivo implantation in rabbits demonstrated excellent anti-adherent characteristics of BNC 21 days post-surgery.
  • Animals implanted with BNC patches remained asymptomatic, indicating good biocompatibility and reduced adhesion formation.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a promising bio-based polymer for soft tissue reinforcement in hernia repair.
  • BNC exhibits superior anti-adhesive properties and adequate mechanical strength, addressing key complications associated with current surgical meshes.
  • BNC presents a novel, versatile, and potentially cost-effective biomaterial for hernioplasty with excellent clinical outcome potential.