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During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Author Spotlight: Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

Chemical control of stomatal function and development.

Toshinori Kinoshita¹, Shigeo Toh², Keiko U Torii³

¹Institute of Transformative Biomolecules (WPI-ITbM) and Faculty of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi 464-8601, Japan.

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

|March 5, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists developed new chemicals to control plant stomata, balancing water loss and CO2 intake. These compounds offer potential for improving crop yield and water use efficiency in agriculture.

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Identification of Novel Regulators of Plant Transpiration by Large-Scale Thermal Imaging Screening in Helianthus Annuus

Published on: January 30, 2020

Area of Science:

Plant physiology
Agricultural chemistry
Molecular biology

Background:

Stomata regulate crucial plant functions, including carbon dioxide uptake for photosynthesis and water loss through transpiration.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling stomatal function and development is key to improving plant water use efficiency.
Agrochemical strategies for transpiration control have evolved with recent discoveries in stomatal signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore novel chemical compounds for modulating stomatal behavior and numbers.
To identify compounds that enhance plant productivity and water conservation.
To develop targeted chemical solutions for agricultural and horticultural applications.

Main Methods:

In silico virtual screening and structure-guided design for Abscisic Acid (ABA) agonists.
Library-based chemical screening for compounds affecting stomatal movement and development.
Hit compound derivatization to optimize efficacy and mitigate side effects.

Main Results:

Development of potent ABA agonists with significant anti-transpiration activity.
Identification of novel compounds influencing stomatal movement independently of ABA.
Discovery of chemicals that regulate stomatal division and polarity.
Successful derivatization of hit compounds to reduce adverse effects.

Conclusions:

Novel chemical strategies can effectively modulate plant stomatal regulation.
Targeted chemical interventions show promise for optimizing plant water use and productivity.
These advancements hold potential for significant impact in agriculture and the florist industry.