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NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar

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RF Transceiver for the Multi-Mode Radar Applications.

Jae Kwon Ha¹, Chang Kyun Noh¹, Jin Seop Lee¹

¹School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang 10540, Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|March 6, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents an integrated circuit radar transceiver that overcomes flicker noise limitations. The novel design enhances long-range detection accuracy for moving targets in pulse, FMCW, and CW modes.

Keywords:

FMCW, CW and pulse radars Multi-Mode Radar RF Transceiver

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Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Radar Systems
Integrated Circuit Design

Background:

Flicker noise in radar receivers (several Hz to several kHz) significantly degrades Doppler frequency accuracy.
This noise reduction impacts long-range detection, target range, and velocity measurements.
Existing radar systems struggle with performance limitations due to flicker noise.

Purpose of the Study:

To design a multi-mode radar transceiver (pulse, FMCW, CW) as an integrated circuit.
To suppress local oscillator (LO) leakage in the transmitter and DC offset in the receiver.
To enhance long-range detection performance and accuracy of target parameters.

Main Methods:

Designed a multi-mode radar transceiver using TSMC 65 nm CMOS process.
Proposed a transmitter design to suppress LO leakage.
Developed a receiver structure with double conversion architecture and image rejection to suppress DC offset.

Main Results:

Achieved 37 dB LO leakage suppression at 24 GHz in the transmitter.
Improved receiver noise figure by approximately 20 dB at 100 Hz.
Demonstrated 30 dB DC offset rejection in the receiver.
Verified the operation of pulse, FMCW, and CW modes through experimental testing.

Conclusions:

The proposed integrated circuit radar transceiver effectively mitigates flicker noise and LO leakage.
The design enhances long-range detection capabilities and improves target parameter accuracy.
The fabricated circuit demonstrates robust performance across multiple radar modes.