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Does Physical Activity Have an Impact on Recurrence Dynamics in Early Breast Cancer Patients?
Elia Biganzoli1, Christine Desmedt2, Romano Demicheli1
1Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "Giulio A. Maccacaro", Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health & DSRC, University of Milan, Campus Cascina Rosa, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via A. Vanzetti 5, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|March 6, 2021
Summary
Physical activity after breast cancer diagnosis significantly lowers recurrence and mortality risk, especially in urban patients, with benefits sustained long-term. Rural patients did not show similar improvements in disease-free survival.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Exercise Science
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Existing research suggests physical activity may reduce breast cancer recurrence.
- The impact of physical activity on recurrence risk over different follow-up times remains under-investigated.
- Understanding long-term effects is crucial for patient management and survivorship.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of physical activity on breast cancer recurrence and mortality dynamics over time.
- To analyze recurrence and mortality patterns in relation to follow-up duration in randomized clinical trials (RCTs).
- To explore potential differences in physical activity benefits between urban and rural breast cancer patients.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of two randomized clinical trials (RCTs) from Australia and Canada involving breast cancer patients.
- Utilized discrete hazard function and flexible regression with generalized additive models to estimate event dynamics.
- Compared outcomes between physical activity intervention groups and usual care control groups.
Main Results:
- Physical activity was associated with a stably decreased risk of recurrence and mortality in the medium/long term (after five years).
- Australian urban women showed significant improvements in disease-free survival (DFS) with physical activity, with odds ratios decreasing over time.
- Australian rural women and Canadian patients (though not statistically significant) did not demonstrate the same level of benefit from physical activity interventions.
Conclusions:
- Physical activity interventions appear to reduce the risk of medium- to long-term metastases in breast cancer patients, particularly in urban settings.
- Geographical location (urban vs. rural) may influence the effectiveness of physical activity interventions for breast cancer survivors.
- Further translational research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these observed effects.
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