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Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device01:30

Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device

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Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
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Distance Measurements by Taping01:18

Distance Measurements by Taping

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Tapes are essential in surveying for accurate, durable, and short-distance measurements. Made from lightweight, nylon-coated steel, they offer flexibility and strength for rugged outdoor use. The nylon coating protects against rust and wear, extending the tape's life. Standard lengths, around 30 meters, are marked in meters and millimeters for precision.Surveyors select tapes based on site conditions and accuracy needs. Lightweight, nylon-coated tapes are commonly used for ease of handling and...
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Field Application of Global Positioning System01:28

Field Application of Global Positioning System

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...
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Design Example: Measuring Distance Between Two Points with Obstructions01:10

Design Example: Measuring Distance Between Two Points with Obstructions

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When measuring distances in areas with physical obstructions, such as a lake in a field, surveyors must employ techniques to calculate accurate lengths without direct line measurements. One effective method is the offset technique, which allows for precise distance estimation over inaccessible stretches.In this scenario, a surveyor must measure a side of an area that crosses a lake. Since the measuring tape cannot span the lake, the surveyor begins by establishing a baseline that aligns with...
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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments

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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over...
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Types of Global Positioning System Surveys01:30

Types of Global Positioning System Surveys

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GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults
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Cooperative Localization Using Distance Measurements for Mobile Nodes.

Wenchao Li1, Beth Jelfs1, Allison Kealy1

  • 1School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an efficient method for sensor network localization without anchors in GPS-denied areas. It accurately estimates node positions using distance measurements and node movement, overcoming common localization ambiguities.

Keywords:
localizationmultidimensional scalingposition ambiguitysensor network

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Area of Science:

  • Sensor Networks
  • Localization Algorithms
  • Robotics and Autonomous Systems

Background:

  • The challenge of localizing sensor nodes in environments lacking Global Positioning System (GPS) signals.
  • Existing anchorless localization methods often suffer from rotation and flip ambiguity.
  • The need for efficient and accurate positioning techniques in mobile sensor networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient, anchorless localization method for two-dimensional (2D) sensor networks.
  • To address and resolve the location ambiguity inherent in multidimensional scaling (MDS) algorithms.
  • To provide accurate node position estimation in GPS-denied environments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the multidimensional scaling (MDS) algorithm for position estimation based on inter-node distances.
  • Leveraging node mobility and displacement information to resolve rotation and flip ambiguities.
  • Developing an analytical solution for noise-free scenarios and a closed-form least squares estimator for noisy data.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method accurately estimates node locations in 2D sensor networks.
  • The algorithm effectively resolves rotation and flip ambiguities using node displacement data.
  • Simulations demonstrate superior accuracy and efficiency compared to existing localization techniques.

Conclusions:

  • The MDS-based approach offers an effective solution for anchorless sensor network localization.
  • Node mobility is a key factor in overcoming ambiguities in MDS localization.
  • The presented algorithm provides a robust and efficient tool for GPS-denied localization applications.