Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 15, 2025

Nephrotoxin Microinjection in Zebrafish to Model Acute Kidney Injury
07:58

Nephrotoxin Microinjection in Zebrafish to Model Acute Kidney Injury

Published on: July 17, 2016

9.1K

Pathogenesis of Acute Kidney Injury in Coronavirus Disease 2019

Jing-Yi Qian1, Bin Wang1, Lin-Li Lv1

  • 1Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.

Frontiers in Physiology
|March 8, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), impacting patient survival. This review explores the complex factors contributing to AKI pathogenesis in COVID-19 patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic primarily causing respiratory illness.
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant extrapulmonary complication of COVID-19, affecting patient prognosis and mortality.
  • The precise mechanisms underlying AKI in COVID-19 remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current knowledge on the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the context of COVID-19.
  • To elucidate the multifactorial contributors to AKI development in COVID-19 patients.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the proposed mechanisms linking SARS-CoV-2 infection to kidney damage.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on COVID-19 and acute kidney injury.
  • Analysis of proposed etiological factors for AKI in COVID-19.
  • Synthesis of information regarding intrarenal, pre-renal, and post-renal mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Multiple factors contribute to AKI in COVID-19, including direct viral effects, immune dysregulation, and medication toxicity.
  • Intrarenal, pre-renal, and post-renal pathways are implicated in COVID-19-associated AKI.
  • Coagulation abnormalities, sepsis, and pre-existing conditions exacerbate AKI risk.

Conclusions:

  • The pathogenesis of AKI in COVID-19 is complex and multifactorial.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for improving patient outcomes and developing targeted therapies.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the intricate pathways leading to AKI in COVID-19.

Keywords:
ACE2SARS-CoV-2acute kidney injurycoronavirus disease 2019mechanism

More Related Videos

Standardized Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis in Rats - a Simple, Feasible Animal Model to Induce Septic Acute Kidney Injury07:03

Standardized Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis in Rats - a Simple, Feasible Animal Model to Induce Septic Acute Kidney Injury

Published on: February 15, 2022

1.6K
Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Model for Acute Kidney Injury in Mice02:45

Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Model for Acute Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: February 2, 2024

2.1K

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
531
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
268
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
414
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
132
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such...
203
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
182