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Hypertension and COVID-19: Ongoing Controversies

Marijana Tadic1, Sahrai Saeed2, Guido Grassi3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, University Hospital "Dr. Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|March 8, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension is a significant risk factor for severe outcomes in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This review clarifies the impact of blood pressure, antihypertensive therapies, and hypertension diagnosis on COVID-19 patient prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with significant mortality.
  • Hypertension is a prevalent comorbidity associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes.
  • The independent predictive value of hypertension in COVID-19 requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical evidence on hypertension as a predictor of COVID-19 severity and outcomes.
  • To examine the influence of blood pressure levels and antihypertensive treatments on COVID-19 prognosis.
  • To assess the impact of both chronic and newly diagnosed hypertension in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of studies investigating hypertension and COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Analysis of data concerning blood pressure, comorbidities, and antihypertensive medications.
  • Synthesis of evidence on the predictive value of hypertension in diverse patient populations.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension is consistently linked to increased severity and adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
  • Blood pressure levels and specific antihypertensive therapies (ACEI/ARB) show complex associations with COVID-19 prognosis.
  • Both pre-existing and newly diagnosed hypertension are critical factors influencing COVID-19 patient management and outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension is a crucial independent risk factor for severe COVID-19.
  • Understanding the interplay between hypertension, blood pressure management, and COVID-19 is vital for clinical practice.
  • Further research is needed to optimize treatment strategies for hypertensive patients with COVID-19.

Keywords:
COVID - 19antihypertensive therapyblood pressurecomorbiditieshypertension

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