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Related Concept Videos

Cohesins02:20

Cohesins

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Cohesin protein complexes are a molecular glue that holds two sister chromatids together. They play an important role both in mitosis and meiosis. In mitosis, all cohesin complexes present on the chromosomes are removed before the start of the anaphase stage.
Cohesin complexes in Meiotic Division
Meiosis involves two distinct rounds of chromosomal segregation and cell divisions— Meiosis I followed by Meiosis II – producing four daughter cells. Meiosis I includes the separation of...
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Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

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At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
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Yeast Signaling01:28

Yeast Signaling

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Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
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Meiosis II02:02

Meiosis II

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Meiosis II entails cell division and segregation of the sister chromatids, resulting in the production of four unique haploid gametes. The steps for meiosis II are similar to mitosis, except that meiosis II occurs in haploid cells, whereas mitosis occurs in diploid cells.
The timing and cell division patterns of meiosis differ between males and females. In male meiosis, the centrosomes are part of the formation of the meiotic spindle. However, in oocytes, including that of humans, Drosophila,...
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The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

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The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
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Nondisjunction01:29

Nondisjunction

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During meiosis, chromosomes occasionally separate improperly. This occurs due to failure of homologous chromosome separation during meiosis I or failed sister chromatid separation during meiosis II. In some species, notably plants, nondisjunction can result in an organism with an entire additional set of chromosomes, which is called polyploidy. In humans, nondisjunction can occur during male or female gametogenesis and the resulting gametes possess one too many or one too few chromosomes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 14, 2025

Analysis of the Development of a Morphological Phenotype as a Function of Protein Concentration in Budding Yeast
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Analysis of the Development of a Morphological Phenotype as a Function of Protein Concentration in Budding Yeast

Published on: March 24, 2010

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Cohesin dysfunction results in cell wall defects in budding yeast.

Deepash Kothiwal1, Swagathnath Gopinath1, Shikha Laloraya1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, C. V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560012, India.

Genetics
|March 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Cohesin, a protein complex, is crucial for maintaining the yeast cell wall

Keywords:
Cell wallCohesinOsmotic stresscohesinopathycohesiongene expression

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Spatiotemporal Analysis of Cytokinetic Events in Fission Yeast
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Spatiotemporal Analysis of Cytokinetic Events in Fission Yeast
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cohesin is a conserved protein complex vital for DNA replication, repair, and gene regulation.
  • The budding yeast cell wall provides structural integrity and protection.
  • Previous studies identified a cohesin mutant (mcd1-1) with altered cell wall organization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the cohesin complex in maintaining the integrity of the budding yeast cell wall.
  • To explore the relationship between cohesin, cell wall stress, and signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a temperature-sensitive cohesin mutant (mcd1-1) in budding yeast.
  • Analyzed cell wall composition (chitin content) and stress sensitivity.
  • Investigated the HOG1-MAPK and cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling pathways.
  • Performed genetic interaction analysis and gene expression profiling.

Main Results:

  • Cohesin mutants exhibited increased chitin content and sensitivity to cell wall stressors.
  • Temperature sensitivity of cohesin mutants was partially due to cell wall defects and dependent on the HOG1-MAPK pathway.
  • The cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling pathway was activated in cohesin mutants.
  • Cohesin's role in cell wall maintenance is independent of its role in sister-chromatid cohesion.

Conclusions:

  • The cohesin complex is essential for maintaining budding yeast cell wall integrity.
  • Cohesin influences cell wall organization through regulating genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis and structure.
  • Cohesin's function in cell wall maintenance is linked to, but distinct from, its role in the CWI pathway and DNA cohesion.