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    Researchers developed asymmetric optical vortex arrays (AOVAs) by combining vortex and elliptical Gaussian beams. This method allows for tunable, non-rotationally symmetric structures with controllable phase singularities for advanced applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics
    • Singularity Theory

    Background:

    • Optical vortex arrays (OVAs) are generated by superposing symmetric laser modes.
    • Breaking system symmetry can lead to complex singularity evolution.
    • Existing OVAs typically exhibit annular shapes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and characterize a novel asymmetric optical vortex array (AOVA).
    • To demonstrate a highly tunable structure for AOVAs.
    • To explore applications of AOVAs in optical technologies.

    Main Methods:

    • Coaxial superposition of a vortex beam and an elliptical Gaussian beam at the waist plane.
    • Theoretical analysis of phase singularity evolution.
    • Numerical simulations and visualizations of AOVA structures.

    Main Results:

    • The interference of vortex and elliptical Gaussian beams breaks high-order axial singularities into multiple +1 and -1 order vortices.
    • AOVA singularity structures are tunable and can lack rotational symmetry, controlled by beam parameters.
    • Azimuthal discriminant functions allow modulation of vortex number, sign, and distribution.

    Conclusions:

    • A novel method for generating tunable asymmetric optical vortex arrays is presented.
    • The AOVA structure offers diverse singularity arrangements beyond traditional OVAs.
    • This research opens new avenues for designing connected OVAs with potential applications in particle manipulation, optical communication, and metrology.