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Modeling of Artificial 3D Human Placenta.

Rumeysa Tutar1, Betül Çelebi-Saltik2,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.

Cells, Tissues, Organs
|March 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This review explores the 3D structure of the human placenta, a vital organ for fetal development. It details advanced 3D models and placental barrier research for understanding pregnancy and nanoparticle exposure effects.

Keywords:
BarrierOrgan-on-a-chipOrganoidPlacentaStem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The placenta is crucial for fetal development, facilitating nutrient/oxygen transfer and waste removal.
  • It functions as an endocrine organ, regulating maternal physiological changes during pregnancy.
  • The placenta protects the fetus from rejection and external harm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the 3D structure and function of the human placenta.
  • To present current 3D placental models and placental barrier research.
  • To explore placental responses to nanoparticle exposure using micro-engineered systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on placental structure and function.
  • Introduction of 3D placental composition and niche.
  • Description of 3D placental models, placental transfer models, and 3D placenta-on-a-chip systems.

Main Results:

  • The human placenta exhibits a complex 3D composition.
  • Various in vitro 2D/3D studies have investigated placental barrier structure and function.
  • 3D placental models, including placenta-on-a-chip, offer advanced platforms for research.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the 3D placental structure is key to advancing reproductive biology.
  • 3D placental models provide powerful tools for studying placental function and maternal-fetal interactions.
  • Micro-engineered 3D placenta-on-a-chip systems enable detailed investigation of placental responses to environmental factors like nanoparticles.