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[A clinical analysis of pericardial effusion caused by central venous catheterization in preterm infants]

Ya-Hui Zhang1, Yun-Feng Liu1, Xiao-Mei Tong1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
|March 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pericardial effusion in preterm infants linked to central venous catheters often appears early. Prompt diagnosis and intervention, including pericardiocentesis for tamponade, improve outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Medical Device Complications

Background:

  • Central venous catheterization is a common procedure in preterm infants.
  • Complications such as pericardial effusion can arise from central venous catheter placement.
  • Understanding these complications is crucial for neonatal care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical features of pericardial effusion in preterm infants resulting from central venous catheterization.
  • To analyze the relationship between catheter characteristics, clinical presentation, and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 11 preterm infants diagnosed with pericardial effusion post-central venous catheterization.
  • Evaluation of catheterization details, clinical signs, management strategies, and prognosis.

Main Results:

  • Pericardial effusion occurred in 0.42% of preterm infants (11/2599) within 4 days of catheterization.
  • Common symptoms included cardiorespiratory distress and poor response; 45% developed cardiac tamponade.
  • Catheter tip malposition was noted in most cases; 82% of infants improved with treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Central venous catheter-associated pericardial effusion in neonates presents early with significant clinical manifestations.
  • Pericardiocentesis is vital for managing cardiac tamponade.
  • Early detection and intervention are key to improving survival rates.
Abstract

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