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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Perturbations of Circulating miRNAs in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Detected Using a Multiplexed High-throughput Gene Expression Platform
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Circulating microRNA Expression in Cushing's Syndrome.

Sharmilee Vetrivel1, Ru Zhang1, Mareen Engel2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|March 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study explored circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as diagnostic markers for Cushing

Keywords:
ACTHbiomarkercortisolcortisol-producing adenomahypercortisolismmiR-182-5pmiR-183 clustermiRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Cushing's syndrome (CS) is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by endogenous hypercortisolism, leading to significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Accurate diagnosis and classification of CS subtypes remain challenging.
  • Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) show potential as minimally invasive biomarkers for various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize circulating miRNA profiles in patients with Cushing's syndrome.
  • To identify distinct miRNA profiles differentiating major subtypes of CS.
  • To assess the utility of miRNAs as diagnostic markers for CS.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples from patients with ACTH-independent CS (CPA), ACTH-dependent pituitary CS (CD), and controls were analyzed.
  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used for initial miRNA profiling.
  • Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was employed for validation of candidate miRNAs.

Main Results:

  • NGS identified 411 circulating miRNAs, with 14 showing differential expression pre- and post-surgery.
  • qPCR validation confirmed 5 miRNAs from preoperative samples.
  • miR-182-5p was significantly upregulated in the CD subgroup of the validation cohort.

Conclusions:

  • miR-182-5p is a potential biomarker for Cushing's Disease (CD), requiring further prospective validation.
  • ACTH levels may influence miRNA expression profiles more than hypercortisolism itself.
  • Circulating miRNAs offer a promising avenue for improving CS diagnosis and classification.