Cryoballoon Ablation for Patients With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice and induces cardiac dysfunction and stroke. The development of AF requires a trigger and also an electroanatomic substrate capable of both initiating and perpetuating AF. In the past decade, ectopic beats originating from the pulmonary veins (PV) have been identified as a source of paroxysmal AF. Thus, strategies that target the PV, including the PV antrum, are the cornerstone of most AF ablation procedures. Recently, alternative technologies to radiofrequency catheter ablation for paroxysmal AF such as balloon ablation modalities have been developed. The purpose of this review is to discuss cryoballoon ablation for paroxysmal AF.