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Changes in central GABAergic function following acute and repeated stress.

M E Otero Losada1

  • 1Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

British Journal of Pharmacology
|March 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

The brain's gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system responds differently to stress. Acute stress impacts the corpus striatum, while chronic stress affects the frontal cortex, suggesting adaptive roles.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurochemistry

Background:

  • Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
  • Stress significantly influences neurochemical systems, including GABAergic pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional changes in GABAergic systems within the rat corpus striatum and frontal cerebral cortex under acute and repeated stress conditions.
  • To differentiate the sensitivity of these brain regions to various stress paradigms.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) activity, GABA levels, and GABA turnover rates.
  • Utilized acute immobilization and cold stress models.
  • Employed a repeated immobilization stress paradigm over 14 days.

Main Results:

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  • Acute immobilization stress reduced GAD activity and GABA levels in the corpus striatum.
  • Acute cold stress decreased GABA turnover in the corpus striatum.
  • Repeated stress in the frontal cortex led to increased GAD activity and GABA turnover, alongside reduced GABA levels.

Conclusions:

  • The rat corpus striatum's GABAergic system is highly sensitive to acute stress.
  • The frontal cerebral cortex's GABAergic system demonstrates a preferential response to chronic stress.
  • The cortical GABAergic system may play a role in adapting to chronic adverse conditions.