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Related Concept Videos

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
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Nanophotonic structures with optical surface modes for tunable spin current generation.

P V Shilina1, D O Ignatyeva, P O Kapralov

  • 1National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 101000, Russia. ppenkina@hse.ru.

Nanoscale
|March 11, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed novel photonic-crystal nanostructures for efficient spin current generation using light. These structures enable tunable spin currents, even in ultra-thin materials, with potential for nanoscale control.

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Area of Science:

  • Spintronics
  • Nanophotonics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Optically-induced spin current generation is crucial for next-generation electronics.
  • Existing methods face challenges in efficiency and tunability.
  • Photonic crystals (PCs) offer unique optical properties for manipulating light-matter interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and investigate novel photonic-crystal (PC)-based nanostructures for efficient and tunable optically-induced spin current generation.
  • To leverage the spin Seebeck and inverse spin Hall effects for enhanced spin current generation.
  • To explore the role of optical surface modes and materials with giant spin-orbit coupling (SOC).

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing PC-based nanostructures with ferromagnetic layers and materials exhibiting giant spin-orbit coupling (SOC).
  • Investigating optical surface modes localized at the PC surface.
  • Modulating light wavelength and angle of incidence to tune spin current generation.
  • Analyzing heat transfer to the SOC layer and subsequent spin current generation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated significantly increased efficiency in optically-induced spin current generation.
  • Achieved tunability of spin currents by altering light parameters (wavelength, angle).
  • Showcased up to 100% incident light power transfer to heat within the SOC layer, enabling high spin current efficiency.
  • Confirmed high efficiency even with ultra-thin SOC layers.
  • Enabled local spin current generation at nanoscale pattern scales via surface patterning.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed PC-based nanostructures offer a highly efficient and tunable platform for optically-induced spin current generation.
  • The use of optical surface modes and giant SOC materials is key to enhancing spin current generation.
  • This technology holds promise for nanoscale spintronic devices and applications.