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Navigating the link between processing speed and network communication in the human brain.

Phoebe Imms1, Juan F Domínguez D2, Alex Burmester2

  • 1Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, 5/215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia. phoebe.imms@myacu.edu.au.

Brain Structure & Function
|March 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain network communication efficiency influences cognitive processing speed. Faster controlled processing correlates with higher navigation efficiency, while automatic processing links to shorter path lengths in brain networks.

Keywords:
Communication measuresDrift diffusion modelGraph theoryNavigation efficiencyProcessing speedStructural connectomics

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Network Science

Background:

  • Cognitive processing speed depends on efficient brain communication.
  • Novel measures like navigation efficiency offer more biologically plausible network communication quantification than shortest path length.
  • The direct link between these communication measures and processing speed remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between brain network communication efficiency and cognitive processing speed.
  • To compare the utility of navigation efficiency and shortest path length in explaining processing speed variations.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed processing speed using drift rate from the hierarchical drift diffusion model in 45 healthy adults.
  • Calculated communication measures (navigation efficiency, shortest path length) using graph theory on whole-brain and fronto-parietal structural connectomes (Desikan-Killiany atlas).

Main Results:

  • Faster processing speed in high cognitive control tasks correlated with higher navigation efficiency (whole-brain and subnetwork).
  • Faster processing speed in automatic tasks correlated with shorter path length within the fronto-parietal subnetwork.
  • Different communication models (navigation vs. shortest path) are sensitive to controlled and automatic processing, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • Brain network communication efficiency, particularly navigation efficiency, is linked to cognitive processing speed, especially under cognitive control.
  • Shortest path length is associated with faster automatic processing within task-relevant subnetworks.
  • Findings highlight the role of structural brain network constraints in determining cognitive processing speed.