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The Emerging Role of Long Non-coding RNAs and Circular RNAs in Coronary Artery Disease

Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard1, Mahdi Gholipour2, Mohammad Taheri3

  • 1Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|March 12, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) play key roles in coronary artery disease (CAD) development. This review details their specific functions and involvement in CAD pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) stems from atherosclerosis, involving complex cellular interactions within artery walls.
  • Key factors include lipid accumulation, endothelial dysfunction, macrophage activation, and smooth muscle cell alterations.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the role of non-coding RNAs in CAD pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in CAD.
  • To summarize the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in CAD.
  • To consolidate current understanding of ncRNA function in CAD development and progression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on lncRNAs and circRNAs in CAD.
  • Analysis of gene expression data from CAD patients.
  • Examination of functional studies on specific lncRNAs and circRNAs.

Main Results:

  • Several lncRNAs (e.g., H19, ANRIL, MIAT) are upregulated in CAD patients.
  • Other lncRNAs (e.g., Gas5, MEG3) are downregulated in CAD patients.
  • Specific circRNAs impact endothelial and smooth muscle cell functions, contributing to CAD.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs and circRNAs are significant contributors to CAD pathogenesis.
  • Dysregulation of these non-coding RNAs is a hallmark of CAD.
  • Understanding ncRNA roles offers potential therapeutic targets for CAD.

Keywords:
biomarkerscircRNAcoronary artery disorderexpressionlong non-coding RNA

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