Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Continuous Charge Distributions01:17

Continuous Charge Distributions

7.6K
Imagine a bucket of water. It contains many molecules, of the order of 1026 molecules. Thus, although it contains discrete elements (molecules) at the microscopic level, macroscopically, it can be considered continuous. Small volume elements of water, infinitesimal compared to the bulk of the bucket's volume, still contain many molecules. Under this framework, quantized matter is approximated as continuous for practical purposes.
The electric charge can also be subjected to an analogical...
7.6K
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions01:16

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions

758
Consider an external electric field propagating through a homogeneous medium. When the electric field crosses the surface boundary of the medium, it undergoes a discontinuity. The electric field can be resolved into normal and tangential components. The amount by which the field changes at any boundary is given by the difference between the field components above and below the surface boundary.
The surface integral of an electric field is given by Gauss's law in integral form and is related to...
758
Electric Field of a Charged Disk01:23

Electric Field of a Charged Disk

2.8K
The simplest case of a surface charge distribution is the uniformly charged disk. Calculating its electric field also helps us calculate the electric field of a large plane of charge.
The system's symmetry is in the cylindrical directions across the plane of the charge. As a result, the electric fields created by various surface charge elements nullify each other in the direction parallel to the surface. Thereby, the resulting electric field is perpendicular to the plane. Since the disk is...
2.8K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

16.1K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
16.1K
Membrane Domains01:18

Membrane Domains

6.5K
The membrane domains concentrate specific lipids and proteins at one place within the membrane, which helps in cell signaling, adhesion, and other critical cellular processes. These domains can differ in size, composition, function, and lifespan.
Protein Domains
The membrane comprises a group of distinct proteins responsible for carrying out a cell's specific function. For example, the plasma membrane of the human sperm, or a single germ cell, contains a unique set of proteins in the...
6.5K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

10.7K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
10.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Dual-Function Micropatterned Gold Platform for Cell Patterning and Optical Imaging Applications.

Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical·2026
Same author

Sign of Lateral Curvature Governs Collective Epithelial Migration via Actomyosin Cable Stabilization.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Actuation of Cell Layers in Three Dimensions.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Splay and bend deformations in cells near corners.

Soft matter·2025
Same author

Integer topological defects offer a methodology to quantify and classify active cell monolayers.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Quantifying memory: detection of focal conic domain rearrangement across a phase transition.

Soft matter·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 13, 2025

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification for Dislocation Reduction in Germanium Epitaxial Layers with Semicylindrical Voids on Silicon
06:57

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification for Dislocation Reduction in Germanium Epitaxial Layers with Semicylindrical Voids on Silicon

Published on: July 17, 2020

2.5K

Topological defects of integer charge in cell monolayers.

Kirsten D Endresen1, MinSu Kim1, Matthew Pittman2

  • 1Johns Hopkins University, Dept. Physics and Astronomy, Baltimore, USA. francesca.serra@jhu.edu.

Soft Matter
|March 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers controlled topological defects in cell monolayers using topographical patterns. This study revealed new 3T6 cell behaviors near +1 topological defects, influencing cell shape and organization.

More Related Videos

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.4K
Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment
08:23

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Published on: May 18, 2021

3.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 13, 2025

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification for Dislocation Reduction in Germanium Epitaxial Layers with Semicylindrical Voids on Silicon
06:57

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Verification for Dislocation Reduction in Germanium Epitaxial Layers with Semicylindrical Voids on Silicon

Published on: July 17, 2020

2.5K
Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.4K
Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment
08:23

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Published on: May 18, 2021

3.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Soft matter physics
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cells exhibit liquid crystalline properties, forming topological defects that impact organization.
  • Topological defects with charge ±1 are crucial for biological processes but are difficult to study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cell behavior around controlled topological defects of charge ±1.
  • To explore the influence of topographical patterns on cell alignment and density.
  • To identify novel cell behaviors induced by specific defect charges.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized topographical patterns to create controlled locations for ±1 topological defects in cell monolayers.
  • Studied 3T6 fibroblasts and EpH-4 epithelial cells on these patterns.
  • Characterized cell alignment, density variations, and core defect behavior.

Main Results:

  • Observed density variations in 3T6 cell monolayers near both ±1/2 and ±1 defects.
  • Identified a new behavior in 3T6 cells near +1 defects, altering their preferred shape.
  • Demonstrated fine control over cell alignment near defects.

Conclusions:

  • Topographical patterns enable precise control of topological defects in cell monolayers.
  • This method provides a platform for studying the liquid crystalline properties of cells and defect-induced behaviors.