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RNA Dysregulation: An Expanding Source of Cancer Immunotherapy Targets

Yang Pan1, Kathryn E Kadash-Edmondson2, Robert Wang3

  • 1Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Computational and Genomic Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
|March 12, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Aberrant RNA transcripts in cancer can create tumor antigens (TAs) for new immunotherapies. Multiomic and big data strategies help identify these TAs, but challenges remain for effective treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Cancer transcriptomes often show RNA dysregulation.
  • Aberrant transcripts can yield cancer-specific proteins, serving as tumor antigens (TAs).
  • Exploiting RNA dysregulation for TAs is a promising area for cancer immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the expanding repertoire of TAs from RNA dysregulation.
  • To introduce multiomic and big data strategies for TA identification.
  • To discuss challenges and future directions in translating TAs into therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging advances in high-throughput technologies.
  • Utilizing multiomic cancer profiling data from public repositories.
  • Applying big data analytics for systematic characterization of RNA dysregulation.

Main Results:

  • RNA dysregulation presents a growing source of tumor antigens.
  • Multiomic and big data approaches enable systematic identification of potential TA targets.
  • Conceptual and technological challenges persist in TA development.

Conclusions:

  • RNA dysregulation is a key area for discovering novel cancer immunotherapy targets.
  • Systematic multiomic and big data strategies are crucial for identifying optimal TAs.
  • Overcoming existing barriers is essential for translating TA discoveries into effective cancer therapies.
Keywords:
CAR-TRNA processingRNA-seqTCRcancer immunotherapyproteogenomicsproteometranscriptometumor antigen

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