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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
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Olfactory dysfunction in patients with cluster headache.

Bedia Samancı1, Erdi Şahin2, Cömert Şen3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|March 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Cluster headache patients exhibit significant olfactory dysfunction, particularly in smell identification and threshold. This impairment is more pronounced during active headache periods and in those with left-sided pain.

Keywords:
Cluster headacheOdorOlfactory dysfunctionSniffin’ Stick

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

  • Cluster headache (CH) is a severe primary headache disorder.
  • CH is characterized by unilateral attacks with autonomic symptoms.
  • Olfactory dysfunction in CH patients is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate olfactory dysfunction in cluster headache patients.
  • To correlate olfactory deficits with clinical features of CH.

Main Methods:

  • Compared olfactory function in 20 CH patients and 57 healthy controls.
  • Utilized the Sniffin' Sticks test to assess olfactory threshold, discrimination, and identification.
  • Excluded participants with other conditions causing olfactory dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • CH patients showed significantly lower olfactory threshold scores than controls.
  • Olfactory threshold was significantly lower in CH patients during active headache periods.
  • CH patients with left-sided headache had lower discrimination scores than those with right-sided headache.

Conclusions:

  • Cluster headache is associated with marked olfactory dysfunction.
  • Olfactory impairment may be linked to CH activity and laterality.