Tumor Molecular Features Predict Endometrial Cancer Patients' Survival After Open or Minimally Invasive Surgeries

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project shed light on the vital role of tumor molecular features in predicting endometrial cancer patients' prognosis. This study aims to investigate the survival impact of surgical approaches on patients with different genetic alterations.

473 endometrial cancer patients from TCGA database were selected. To analyze the prognostic impact of surgical approach, survival analyses were conducted in patients with different molecular features. Finally, a simplified molecular stratification model was established to select patients suitable for open or minimally invasive surgery (MIS).

In our cohort, 291 patients received open surgery and 182 received MIS. Molecular features influenced patients' survival after different surgical approaches. Based on survival analyses, three molecular subtypes were generated, with subtype 1 harboring POLE mutation (POLE ), microsatellite-instability high (MSI-H), homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway mutation or MUC16 mutation (MUC16 ); subtype 3 carrying TP53 mutation; and subtype 2 without specific molecular feature. The survival influence of molecular subtypes depended on surgical approaches. In the open surgery cohort, three subtypes showed similar survival outcome, while in the MIS cohort, prognosis varied significantly among three subtypes, with subtype 1 the best and subtype 3 the worst. In stepwise Cox regression, molecular subtype was an independent predictor of recurrence-free survival in patients receiving MIS (p < 0.001).

The molecular features of endometrial cancer are associated with patients' prognosis after different surgical approaches. MIS should be recommended in patients with POLE , MSI-H, HRR pathway mutation or MUC16 , while for patients with TP53 mutation, open surgery is better concerning oncological safety.