Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

2.2K
A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to...
2.2K
Linear Approximation in Time Domain01:21

Linear Approximation in Time Domain

194
Nonlinear systems often require sophisticated approaches for accurate modeling and analysis, with state-space representation being particularly effective. This method is especially useful for systems where variables and parameters vary with time or operating conditions, such as in a simple pendulum or a translational mechanical system with nonlinear springs.
For a simple pendulum with a mass evenly distributed along its length and the center of mass located at half the pendulum's length,...
194
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain01:26

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

234
Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear....
234
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.2K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Longitudinal wastewater-based surveillance of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci in tertiary-care hospitals.

The Science of the total environment·2026
Same author

Performance and suitability of wastewater based-surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in public schools.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

A novel framework for automated warehouse layout generation.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2024
Same author

Campus node-based wastewater surveillance enables COVID-19 case localization and confirms lower SARS-CoV-2 burden relative to the surrounding community.

Water research·2023
Same author

Wastewater-based surveillance can be used to model COVID-19-associated workforce absenteeism.

The Science of the total environment·2023
Same author

Optical Saturation Produces Spurious Evidence for Photoinduced Superconductivity in K_{3}C_{60}.

Physical review letters·2023
Same journal

Denoising algorithm of Φ-OTDR systems based on adaptive fractional wavelet transform denoising.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Millisecond photon-to-photon latency and high-speed volumetric projection system for optogenetics.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Polarization-encoded coaxial structured light for high-precision 3D surface profilometry.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Discrete freeform optical design based on collaborative optimization of point cloud and local normals.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Ultrafast ghost imaging with 25 GHz speckle switching and wavelength-division multiplexing.

Optics express·2026
Same journal

Atomic vapor cells fabricated by femtosecond laser welding of standard-optical-quality glass.

Optics express·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 12, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring Light-Driven Chemical Reactions and Energy-Harnessing Devices in Photochemical Research
08:12

Author Spotlight: Exploring Light-Driven Chemical Reactions and Energy-Harnessing Devices in Photochemical Research

Published on: February 16, 2024

13.2K

Maximum-likelihood parameter estimation in terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.

Laleh Mohtashemi, Paul Westlund, Derek G Sahota

    Optics Express
    |March 17, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed a maximum-likelihood method for parameter estimation in terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). This approach offers superior accuracy and a reliable goodness-of-fit measure for material characterization.

    More Related Videos

    Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy
    10:03

    Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

    Published on: June 27, 2014

    18.2K
    Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems
    09:57

    Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems

    Published on: February 10, 2020

    7.4K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Nov 12, 2025

    Author Spotlight: Exploring Light-Driven Chemical Reactions and Energy-Harnessing Devices in Photochemical Research
    08:12

    Author Spotlight: Exploring Light-Driven Chemical Reactions and Energy-Harnessing Devices in Photochemical Research

    Published on: February 16, 2024

    13.2K
    Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy
    10:03

    Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

    Published on: June 27, 2014

    18.2K
    Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems
    09:57

    Ultrafast Time-resolved Near-IR Stimulated Raman Measurements of Functional π-conjugate Systems

    Published on: February 10, 2020

    7.4K

    Area of Science:

    • Spectroscopy
    • Terahertz Spectroscopy
    • Data Analysis

    Background:

    • Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is crucial for material characterization.
    • Accurate parameter estimation in THz-TDS is often limited by noise.
    • Existing methods may not provide reliable assessments of fit quality.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel maximum-likelihood method for parameter estimation in THz-TDS.
    • To improve the accuracy of parameter estimates compared to conventional techniques.
    • To develop a robust measure of goodness-of-fit for THz-TDS data.

    Main Methods:

    • Derivation of a likelihood function for a parameterized frequency response function.
    • Inclusion of known time-dependent noise amplitudes in the analysis.
    • Development of a noise model with three dominant sources and likelihood function derivation.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed maximum-likelihood method yields superior parameter estimates.
    • The method provides a reliable measure of the goodness of fit.
    • Demonstrated effectiveness in material characterization applications.

    Conclusions:

    • The maximum-likelihood method enhances the precision of THz-TDS analysis.
    • This technique offers a reliable way to assess data quality and model fit.
    • The approach is valuable for accurate material characterization using THz-TDS.