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Published on: January 23, 2017
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Guess what? Different source-guessing strategies for old versus new information
Liliane Wulff1, Raoul Bell2, Laura Mieth2
1Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
Memory (Hove, England)
|March 17, 2021
Summary
Learned specific item-source details guide guessing for old information. However, people consistently use general professional schemas when guessing the source of new information, regardless of the task.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Memory Research
Background:
- The probability-matching account suggests specific learned details override general expectations in source guessing.
- Prior research indicated this applies only to recognized old information, with new information relying on schematic knowledge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if source guessing for old versus new information dissociates in a standard doctor-lawyer paradigm.
- To determine if schematic knowledge persists for new information even in a typical source-monitoring task.
Main Methods:
- Participants engaged in a doctor-lawyer source-monitoring task.
- Source guessing for both detected-old and detected-new information was analyzed.
Main Results:
- Source guessing for detected-old information relied on item-source contingencies.
- Schematic knowledge about professions consistently guided source guessing for detected-new information.
- This dissociation persisted despite using a typical source-monitoring paradigm.
Conclusions:
- Source guessing for new information is persistently schema-based.
- Learned specific episodic contingencies do not dominate source guessing for new information.
- Findings support persistent schema-based source guessing for novel information.
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