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Scurvy, Starvation, and Flea Infestation - A Case Report From 21st Century Europe
Alexandra Esteves1, Francisco Teixeira da Silva1, José Carvalho1
1Internal Medicine, Unidade Local de Saúde do Alto Minho, Viana do Castelo, PRT.
Cureus
|March 17, 2021
Summary
Scurvy, a vitamin C deficiency disease, is often overlooked. This case highlights the importance of recognizing its classic signs and symptoms for timely diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Internal Medicine
- Dermatology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Scurvy, caused by vitamin C deficiency, is historically linked to malnutrition during voyages, famine, or war.
- Modern physicians may underdiagnose scurvy, viewing it as a historical ailment.
- Recognizing social factors and classic symptoms is crucial for identifying this underreported condition.
Observation:
- A 79-year-old female presented with pruritus, poor hygiene, and a scarce diet.
- Initial symptoms included flea bites, skin lesions, microcytic anemia, and emaciation.
- Later, ecchymosis and perifollicular petechiae indicated potential bleeding issues.
Findings:
- Laboratory analysis revealed undetectable serum vitamin C levels.
- The patient was diagnosed with scurvy based on clinical presentation and low vitamin C.
- Treatment with high-dose oral vitamin C led to complete recovery.
Implications:
- This case underscores the necessity of early recognition and vitamin C supplementation for scurvy.
- Physicians must remain vigilant for scurvy, even in non-traditional contexts.
- Awareness of social determinants of health is vital for diagnosing forgotten diseases like scurvy.
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