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Technical Note: Single-pulse beam characterization for FLASH-RT using optical imaging in a water tank.

M Ramish Ashraf1, Mahbubur Rahman1, Rongxiao Zhang1,2,3

  • 1Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.

Medical Physics
|March 17, 2021
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Summary

Fast optical imaging of radioluminescence in a quinine phantom offers a novel solution for dosimetry in ultra-high dose rate Flash Radiotherapy (FLASH-RT). This method accurately characterizes individual pulses for precise beam output analysis.

Keywords:
3D dosimetryCherenkovFLASHoptical dosimetryscintillationsingle pulse

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Dosimetry

Background:

  • Characterizing dose for Flash Radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) is challenging due to ultra-high dose rates and small field complexities.
  • Conventional dosimeters struggle with dose rate dependence and temporal resolution required for pulse-by-pulse dosimetry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate fast 2D imaging of radioluminescence from a water and quinine phantom for dosimetry of individual 4 μs linac pulses in FLASH-RT.
  • To establish a baseline for electron FLASH beam characterization using an optical imaging technique.

Main Methods:

  • A modified clinical linear accelerator delivered electron FLASH beams (>50 Gy/s).
  • Radioluminescence from a quinine-doped water phantom was imaged using a gated intensified camera.
  • Inverse Abel transform reconstructed 3D dose distributions from lateral projected 2D images for pulse-by-pulse analysis.

Main Results:

  • Optical and film dosimetry measurements for beam profiles and depth dose agreed within 1 mm and >95% passing rates (2%/2 mm gamma criteria).
  • Optical central axis depth dose showed agreement with film, except near the surface.
  • Temporal analysis revealed an initial ramp-up in dose per pulse, followed by stabilization.

Conclusions:

  • Optical imaging of radioluminescence is a valuable tool for FLASH-RT dosimetry.
  • This technique provides a reliable baseline for newly initiated electron FLASH beams.