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Enzyme embedded microfluidic paper-based analytic device (μPAD): a comprehensive review.

Shamraja S Nadar¹, Pravin D Patil², Manishkumar S Tiwari³

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India.

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

|March 18, 2021

Summary

Enzyme-integrated microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) offer a low-cost, portable solution for on-site biosensing. This review covers their design, fabrication, and applications in biomedical, food, and environmental fields, highlighting smartphone integration for enhanced analysis.

Keywords:

Enzyme MOF design and fabrication hybrid nanoflowers microfluidic devices point-of-care

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Area of Science:

Analytical Chemistry
Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) are portable, low-cost lab-on-chip systems for on-site analysis.
Enzyme incorporation enhances μPAD performance, offering improved stability and analytical capabilities.
These devices are compact, user-friendly, and require minimal external equipment.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review of enzyme-μPADs, covering their design, fabrication, and enzyme immobilization.
To highlight recent applications of enzyme-μPADs in biomedical, food safety, and environmental monitoring.
To discuss smartphone-based detection tools and future perspectives for enzyme-μPAD development.

Main Methods:

Review of literature on enzyme-μPAD design and fabrication.
Analysis of enzyme immobilization strategies for enhanced device performance.
Summarization of recent applications and detection mechanisms in various fields.
Inclusion of smartphone-based scanning tools for point-of-care applications.

Main Results:

Enzyme-μPADs demonstrate significant potential for revolutionizing biosensing with their ease of fabrication and operation.
Diverse applications in clinical diagnostics, food safety, and environmental monitoring have been established.
Smartphone integration offers a promising avenue for user-friendly, on-site data analysis.

Conclusions:

Enzyme-μPADs represent a significant advancement in biosensing technology, offering accessible and reliable analytical tools.
The integration of enzymes and smartphone technology enhances the capabilities and reach of paper-based diagnostics.
Further development holds promise for expanding the application scope and improving the accuracy of these devices.