Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Equity Theory

Equity Theory

Equity theory explains how our sense of fairness influences the dynamics of close relationships. Rooted in social psychology, the theory posits that individuals evaluate fairness by comparing the ratio of their contributions to the rewards they receive. Relationship satisfaction is highest when these ratios are perceived as balanced between partners, promoting mutual reciprocity and a sense of justice.Equity vs. Equality in RelationshipsEquity is distinct from equality. Fairness does not...

Ethics and Bioethics

Ethics and Bioethics

Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...

Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development

Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development

Kohlberg's theory of moral development uses the Heinz dilemma — a thought experiment in which a man, Heinz, must decide whether to steal an unaffordable drug to save his dying wife — to illustrate the evolution of moral reasoning. This framework, divided into three levels with two stages, highlights how individuals' understanding of right and wrong becomes increasingly complex.
Pre-Conventional Level
At the pre-conventional level, morality is primarily driven by personal...

Fundamental Attribution Error

Fundamental Attribution Error

According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...

Nursing Ethical Principles I

Nursing Ethical Principles I

Ethical principles serve as the moral compass in the longstanding tradition of nursing, guiding healthcare professionals in their interactions with patients and families. These principles, namely autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, provide a robust framework for navigating the ethical complexities of daily nursing practice.
Autonomy
Autonomy underscores the significance of a patient's self-determination and freedom from external control. In healthcare, respecting...

Personal Choice and Fate Attributions

Personal Choice and Fate Attributions

Some individuals interpret life events as a consequence of their personal choices and actions, while others believe that outcomes are dictated by fate or destiny. This divergence in perspective has been examined in psychological and cross-cultural studies, particularly in relation to religious faith and cultural beliefs about causality.Fate and Personal ResponsibilityPeople who emphasize personal responsibility view events as direct consequences of their decisions. For instance, breaking a leg...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Semantic change in adults is not primarily a generational phenomenon.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Same author

An archival perspective on pretraining data.

Patterns (New York, N.Y.)·2024

Same author

Using proprietary language models in academic research requires explicit justification.

Nature computational science·2024

Same author

Quantifying the narrative flow of imagined versus autobiographical stories.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2022

Same author

Computational analysis of 140 years of US political speeches reveals more positive but increasingly polarized framing of immigration.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2022

Same author

Cerebral maturation in the early preterm period-A magnetization transfer and diffusion tensor imaging study using voxel-based analysis.

NeuroImage·2015

Same journal

Structural impact of non-IID heterogeneity on federated behavioral anomaly detection in IoT and IoMT systems.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026

Same journal

DiscoVerse: multi-agent pharmaceutical co-scientist for traceable drug discovery and reverse translation.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026

Same journal

EEG-based cognition-aware task classification and scheduling using enhanced fuzzy transition modeling.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026

Same journal

Autofluorescence and deep learning in early disease detection: biological foundations, clinical applications, and future directions.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026

Same journal

Legal document summarization: a short review.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026

Same journal

Generative AI adoption and its impact on teachers' self-efficacy and instructional confidence in Ghana.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 12, 2025

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

On Consequentialism and Fairness.

Dallas Card¹, Noah A Smith^2,3

¹Computer Science Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.

Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence

|March 18, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study critiques machine learning fairness by applying consequentialism, an ethical framework focusing on outcomes. It highlights tradeoffs in fairness definitions and automated decision-making systems.

Keywords:

consequentialism ethics fairness machine learning randomization

More Related Videos

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care

Published on: February 16, 2011

Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making

Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making

Published on: March 2, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 12, 2025

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: August 25, 2023

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care

Published on: February 16, 2011

Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making

Combining Behavioral Endocrinology and Experimental Economics: Testosterone and Social Decision Making

Published on: March 2, 2011

Area of Science:

Machine Learning Ethics
Algorithmic Fairness
Consequentialist Ethics

Background:

Existing machine learning fairness research prioritizes outcome definitions and quantification.
Ethical foundations underpinning fairness efforts receive limited attention.
Consequentialism, an outcome-focused ethical theory, offers a critical lens.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a consequentialist critique of current machine learning fairness definitions.
To offer a machine learning perspective on consequentialism.
To explore ethical implications of automated decision-making systems.

Main Methods:

Applying consequentialist ethical principles to analyze machine learning fairness metrics.
Examining the challenges of uncertainty, subjectivity, and aggregation in consequentialist decision-making.
Reviewing machine learning approaches to consequentialism.

Main Results:

Consequentialism provides a robust framework for critiquing existing machine learning fairness literature.
Identifies key tradeoffs: defining who counts, policy utility, and long-term value.
Highlights the need for a machine learning perspective on consequentialist decision theory.

Conclusions:

Consequentialism offers a powerful foundation for evaluating machine learning fairness.
Automated decision-making systems necessitate careful consideration of learning and randomization.
Future work should integrate ethical frameworks like consequentialism into AI development.