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Using Crowd-Sourced Speech Data to Study Socially Constrained Variation in Nonmodal Phonation.

Ben Gittelson1, Adrian Leemann2, Fabian Tomaschek3

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This study analyzed nonmodal phonation in British English using smartphone recordings. Researchers discovered a link between education and voice production, confirming previous findings on gender differences in creaky voice.

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Phonetics
  • Sociolinguistics

Background:

  • Nonmodal phonation, including breathy and creaky voice, is a key area in phonetic research.
  • Previous studies on nonmodal phonation have often relied on smaller, less diverse datasets.
  • Understanding variations in nonmodal phonation is crucial for comprehensive phonetic analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of nonmodal phonation in British English.
  • To explore potential correlations between nonmodal phonation and sociodemographic factors, such as education level.
  • To validate the use of novel data collection methods, like smartphone recordings, for large-scale phonetic studies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized smartphone recordings from over 2,500 British English speakers.
  • Analyzed acoustic correlates including fundamental frequency, H1*-H2*, cepstral peak prominence, and harmonic-to-noise ratio.
  • Employed crowd-sourced data collection for a large and diverse sample.

Main Results:

  • Identified a novel relationship between speakers' education level and their production of nonmodal phonation.
  • Confirmed previous findings on the higher prevalence of creaky voice in male speakers compared to female speakers.
  • Demonstrated that established patterns of nonmodal phonation hold true for a significantly larger and more diverse population.

Conclusions:

  • Smartphone recordings offer a viable and effective method for collecting large-scale phonetic data.
  • Sociodemographic factors, such as education, play a role in the production of nonmodal phonation.
  • The study validates and extends previous research on nonmodal phonation, reinforcing its findings with a robust dataset.