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Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood
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Effortful control moderates the relation between negative emotionality and socially appropriate behavior.

Beverly J Wilson1, Hayley A Dauterman1, Karin S Frey2

  • 1Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA 98119, USA.

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|March 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Children with high negative emotionality benefit from strong effortful control, showing better social cooperation and fewer externalizing problems. This highlights the protective role of effortful control in early childhood development.

Keywords:
Attention shiftingEarly childhoodEffortful controlNegative emotional intensityNegative emotionalitySocially appropriate behavior

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Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Social-Emotional Learning

Background:

  • Negative emotionality is common in early childhood.
  • Socially appropriate behavior is crucial for development.
  • Effortful control's moderating role needs further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between negative emotionality and socially appropriate behavior in preschoolers.
  • To examine if effortful control moderates this relationship.
  • To understand protective factors for children with high negative emotionality.

Main Methods:

  • A diverse sample of 74 preschool and kindergarten children participated.
  • Effortful control was measured using a computerized attention shifting task with emotional stimuli.
  • Teachers assessed negative emotionality and socially appropriate behaviors (cooperation, inhibition).

Main Results:

  • Children with high negative emotionality and strong effortful control exhibited fewer externalizing problems.
  • These children also demonstrated greater social cooperation.
  • Effortful control appeared to buffer negative emotionality's impact on social behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Effortful control acts as a protective factor for children experiencing high negative emotionality.
  • Findings support interventions aimed at enhancing effortful control in early education.
  • This research offers practical implications for educators managing behavioral expectations in young children.