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Regulation of Age-Related Protein Toxicity.
Anita Pras1, Ellen A A Nollen1
1Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology of Ageing, European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|March 22, 2021
Summary
Proteome damage accelerates aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Enhancing protein quality control mechanisms may delay aging and related pathologies.
Area of Science:
- Molecular biology
- Gerontology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Proteome damage is a key factor in aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
- Molecular quality control mechanisms (chaperones, sequestration, degradation) maintain proteome health.
- These mechanisms decline with age, leading to toxic protein aggregation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review essential mechanisms for maintaining a healthy proteome.
- To explain how aging impairs these mechanisms, causing protein aggregation.
- To discuss how longevity in some animals is linked to superior protein homeostasis.
Main Methods:
- Review of scientific literature on aging, proteostasis, and neurodegeneration.
- Analysis of mechanisms underlying protein quality control.
- Comparison of aging processes across different model organisms.
Main Results:
- Aging leads to the decline of proteome maintenance systems.
- This decline results in the accumulation of misfolded and aggregated proteins.
- Long-lived species exhibit enhanced protein homeostasis.
Conclusions:
- Restoring or optimizing proteostasis mechanisms could combat aging and neurodegeneration.
- Targeting protein homeostasis pathways offers potential therapeutic interventions.
- Understanding proteome maintenance is crucial for extending healthspan and lifespan.
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