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Cavity-Enhanced Atom-Photon Entanglement with Subsecond Lifetime.

Xu-Jie Wang1,2, Sheng-Jun Yang1,2, Peng-Fei Sun1,2

  • 1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.

Physical Review Letters
|March 22, 2021
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Summary

We achieved entanglement between an atomic ensemble and a single photon, a key component for quantum networks. This quantum memory demonstrates high efficiency and a subsecond lifetime, paving the way for advanced quantum technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Atomic Physics
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • Cold atomic ensembles are suitable for optical quantum memories.
  • Entanglement between atomic ensembles and single photons is crucial for quantum networks.
  • Key performance metrics for quantum memories include efficiency and lifetime.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To realize entanglement between an atomic ensemble and a single photon.
  • To achieve high efficiency and subsecond lifetime for the quantum memory.
  • To verify the atom-photon entanglement after extended storage.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing dual control modes in a ring cavity to engineer entanglement.
  • Employing a three-dimensional optical lattice to enhance memory lifetime.
  • Storing quantum information for 0.1 s and verifying entanglement after 1 s.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 38% memory efficiency for 0.1 s storage.
  • Demonstrated subsecond lifetime for the atomic-photon entanglement.
  • Verified atom-photon entanglement after 1 s storage with a Bell inequality test result of S=2.36±0.14.

Conclusions:

  • Successfully realized high-efficiency, subsecond-lifetime entanglement between an atomic ensemble and a single photon.
  • The developed quantum memory is a promising building block for future quantum networks.
  • Experimental verification of the Bell inequality confirms the quality of the atom-photon entanglement.