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Spatiotemporal Mode-Locking in Lasers with Large Modal Dispersion.

Yihang Ding1, Xiaosheng Xiao2, Kewei Liu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Physical Review Letters
|March 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Spatiotemporal mode locking (STML) is now achievable in multimode lasers with high modal dispersion. An intracavity saturable absorber counteracts dispersion, enabling new nonlinear laser dynamics and broader applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear optics
  • Laser physics
  • Wave dynamics

Background:

  • Dissipative nonlinear wave dynamics are well-studied in single-transverse-mode lasers.
  • Three-dimensional nonlinear dynamics within lasers remain under-explored.
  • Spatiotemporal mode locking (STML) was previously thought to require low modal dispersion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spatiotemporal mode locking (STML) in multimode lasers with significant modal dispersion.
  • To explore the role of intracavity components in overcoming modal dispersion.
  • To identify novel STML phenomena and their underlying mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental demonstration of STML in a multimode laser cavity.
  • Analysis of the influence of an intracavity saturable absorber.
  • Investigation of spatial gain competition and spatiotemporal saturable absorption.

Main Results:

  • Achieved STML in a multimode laser with large modal dispersion, challenging previous assumptions.
  • Identified the crucial role of the intracavity saturable absorber in managing modal dispersion.
  • Observed a new phenomenon: passive nonlinear autoselection of single-mode mode locking.

Conclusions:

  • STML is feasible in multimode lasers with high modal dispersion, expanding design possibilities.
  • The saturable absorber is key to counteracting large modal dispersion in STML lasers.
  • New nonlinear spatiotemporal dynamics broaden the field and potential applications of STML lasers.