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Clinical applications for exosomes: Are we there yet?
Dany Perocheau1, Loukia Touramanidou1, Sonam Gurung1
1Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
British Journal of Pharmacology
|March 22, 2021
Summary
Exosomes, crucial for cell communication, show promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic carriers due to their low immunogenicity and ability to cross biological barriers. This review covers recent clinical advancements and exosome engineering for safe and effective use.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Cellular Biology
- Nanomedicine
Background:
- Exosomes are extracellular vesicles vital for intercellular communication, transporting various biomolecules.
- Their unique properties, including low immunogenicity and barrier penetration (e.g., blood-brain barrier), position them as promising clinical tools.
- Research in exosome biotechnology is rapidly expanding, attracting significant scientific and financial interest.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the latest clinical developments in exosome biotechnology for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
- To highlight recent exosome-based clinical trials, including those for COVID-19.
- To discuss exosome engineering strategies, manufacturing scale-up, and storage for pharmaceutical use.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent clinical trials and exosome engineering strategies.
- Assessment of exosome-based diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
- Evaluation of manufacturing, scale-up, and storage technologies for clinical translation.
Main Results:
- Exosomes are increasingly utilized as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic delivery systems.
- Exosome engineering enhances safety and efficacy for clinical applications.
- Advancements in Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant production and storage are crucial for pharmaceutical development.
Conclusions:
- Exosome biotechnology offers innovative solutions for diagnostics and therapeutics, with ongoing clinical trials demonstrating potential.
- Further development in engineering, manufacturing, and storage is necessary to overcome current limitations for widespread pharmaceutical adoption.
- Exosomes represent a significant frontier in nanomedicine for treating diseases and improving diagnostics.
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