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Pharmacogenomics and functional imaging to predict irinotecan pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics: the predict IR
Michael Michael1, Winston Liauw2, Sue-Anne McLachlan3
1Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia. Michael.Michael@petermac.org.
Purpose:
Irinotecan (IR) displays significant PK/PD variability. This study evaluated functional hepatic imaging (HNI) and extensive pharmacogenomics (PGs) to explore associations with IR PK and PD (toxicity and response).
Methods:
Eligible patients (pts) suitable for Irinotecan-based therapy. At baseline: (i) PGs: blood analyzed by the Affymetrix-DMET™-Plus-Array (1936 variants: 1931 single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] and 5 copy number variants in 225 genes, including 47 phase I, 80 phase II enzymes, and membrane transporters) and Sanger sequencing (variants in HNF1A, Topo-1, XRCC1, PARP1, TDP, CDC45L, NKFB1, and MTHFR), (ii) HNI: pts given IV 250 MBq-99mTc-IDA, data derived for hepatic extraction/excretion parameters (CLHNI, T1/2-HNI, 1hRET, HEF, Td1/2). In cycle 1, blood was taken for IR analysis and PK parameters were derived by non-compartmental methods. Associations were evaluated between HNI and PGs, with IR PK, toxicity, objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS).
Results:
N = 31 pts. The two most significant associations between PK and PD with gene variants or HNI parameters (P < 0.05) included: (1) PK: SN38-Metabolic Ratio with CLHNI, 1hRET, (2) Grade 3+ diarrhea with SLC22A2 (rs 316019), GSTM5 (rs 1296954), (3) Grade 3+ neutropenia with CLHNI, 1hRET, SLC22A2 (rs 316019), CYP4F2 (rs2074900) (4) ORR with ALDH2 (rs 886205), MTHFR (rs 1801133). (5) PFS with T1/2-HNI, XDH (rs 207440), and ABCB11 (rs 4148777).
Conclusions:
Exploratory associations were observed between Irinotecan PK/PD with hepatic functional imaging and extensive pharmacogenomics. Further work is required to confirm and validate these findings in a larger cohort of patients.
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (Anzctr) Number:
ACTRN12610000897066, Date registered: 21/10/2010.
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