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Related Concept Videos

Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures
08:18

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures

Published on: May 16, 2025

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Evidence-Based Protocol for Ophthalmology Consult for Orbital Fractures.

Andrew Rockafellow1, Evan Busby1, Darrell WuDunn2

  • 1Resident, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida Health - Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
|March 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Routine ophthalmology consults are unnecessary for visually asymptomatic patients with orbital fractures. This study found that most patients undergoing surgical repair had normal postoperative outcomes without a preoperative ophthalmology consultation.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Urgent ophthalmologist evaluation for orbital fractures is often standard practice, even in visually asymptomatic patients.
  • Previous studies suggest non-urgent consultation may be appropriate, but institutional protocols vary.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the necessity of preoperative ophthalmology consultation for surgically repaired orbital fractures in visually asymptomatic patients.
  • To develop an evidence-based protocol for ophthalmology consults in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review (2012-2017) of surgically repaired orbital fractures without preoperative ophthalmology consult.
  • Prospective study (2019-2020) with a protocol to identify patients needing preoperative ophthalmology consult.
  • Assessment of visual acuity, extra-ocular movements, and diplopia pre- and postoperatively.

Main Results:

  • In the retrospective group, 98% of patients had normal postoperative exams without prior consultation.
  • In the prospective group, 90% of patients not requiring a preoperative consult had normal postoperative outcomes.
  • A small percentage of patients (2-7%) experienced new or persistent diplopia postoperatively, regardless of consultation status.

Conclusions:

  • Routine ophthalmology consultation is not warranted for visually asymptomatic patients with orbital fractures undergoing surgical repair.
  • An evidence-based protocol can safely guide ophthalmology consults, reducing unnecessary evaluations.