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Bacteriogenic Platinum Nanoparticles for Application in Nanomedicine
Khalida Bloch1, Karishma Pardesi2, Cristina Satriano3
1Department of Microbiology, School of Science, RK University, Rajkot, India.
Frontiers in Chemistry
|March 25, 2021
Summary
Researchers explored biosynthesis of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) using bacteria, offering a greener alternative to chemical methods. This approach optimizes PtNP properties for enhanced nanomedicine applications.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology and Materials Science
- Biotechnology and Microbiology
- Nanomedicine
Background:
- Nanoscale materials, particularly platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs), are crucial for advancements in diverse fields like medicine, energy, and IT.
- PtNPs exhibit valuable properties including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects, and can reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) for anti-inflammatory purposes.
- Conventional synthesis methods for PtNPs often involve hazardous chemicals and conditions, compromising biocompatibility and environmental safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review the biogenesis of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) utilizing various bacterial species.
- To explore the enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms involved in microbial synthesis of PtNPs.
- To highlight the potential for optimizing biogenesis processes to control PtNP physicochemical properties for nanomedicine.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on bacterial synthesis of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs).
- Analysis of enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways in microbial PtNP production.
- Examination of factors influencing PtNP characteristics (surface chemistry, charge, size, shape) during biosynthesis.
Main Results:
- Several bacterial species, including *Acinetobacter calcoaceticus*, *Desulfovibrio alaskensis*, *Escherichia coli*, and *Shewanella algae*, are capable of biogenic PtNP synthesis.
- Both enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms contribute to the reduction of platinum ions and nanoparticle formation.
- Biosynthesis offers a controllable route to tailor PtNP properties for specific nanomedical applications.
Conclusions:
- Bacterial biosynthesis presents a sustainable and biocompatible alternative for producing platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs).
- Understanding the underlying mechanisms allows for optimization of PtNP characteristics, crucial for nanomedicine.
- Further research into optimized biogenesis can enhance PtNP efficacy and safety in biomedical applications.
