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International veterinary canine dyskinesia task force ECVN consensus statement: Terminology and classification.

Sofia Cerda-Gonzalez1, Rebecca A Packer2, Laurent Garosi3

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Summary

This consensus statement provides standardized terminology and a clinical approach for diagnosing canine movement disorders, particularly paroxysmal dyskinesias. It aims to improve consistent reporting and understanding of these complex neurological conditions in dogs.

Keywords:
dystoniamovement disordermyoclonusmyokymiamyotoniaparoxysmal dyskinesia

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Canine Movement Disorders
  • Neurological Syndromes

Background:

  • Movement disorders are involuntary movements without altered consciousness, affecting both humans and animals.
  • Canine movement disorders encompass tremors, peripheral nerve hyperexcitability, paroxysmal dyskinesia, and dystonia.
  • Canine paroxysmal dyskinesias are challenging to identify and characterize due to recurrent episodes of abnormal involuntary movements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To recommend standardized terminology for describing canine movement disorders, with a focus on paroxysmal dyskinesia.
  • To propose a preliminary classification and clinical approach for reporting canine movement disorder cases.
  • To establish a foundation for consistent reporting, enhancing the understanding of phenotype, genotype, and pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • A consensus statement approach was utilized.
  • Recommended categorization of movements includes hyperkinetic vs. hypokinetic, paroxysmal vs. persistent, and exercise-induced vs. non-exercise-related.
  • Emphasis on detailed movement description, differentiation from other diagnoses, and determination of inherited vs. acquired etiologies.

Main Results:

  • A standardized terminology for canine movement disorders is proposed.
  • A structured clinical approach for case reporting is outlined.
  • The statement serves as a starting point for consistent identification and characterization of canine paroxysmal dyskinesias.

Conclusions:

  • Consistent reporting and terminology are crucial for advancing the understanding of canine movement disorders.
  • Further research into genetic mutations will refine the classification and management of these conditions.
  • This consensus aims to improve diagnostic accuracy and clinical reporting for canine paroxysmal dyskinesias.