Predicting ecological impacts of invasive termites.

Area of Science:

• Ecology
• Entomology
• Invasive Species Biology

Background:

• Twenty-eight invasive termite species exist, primarily from the Kalotermitidae (Cryptotermes spp.) and Rhinotermitidae (Coptotermes spp.) families.
• Six invasive termite species have established in natural habitats, yet their ecological impacts remain under-researched.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the potential ecological impacts of invasive termites on native tree species and ecosystems.
• To differentiate the likely ecological impacts of Cryptotermes and Coptotermes genera.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on termite ecology and wood durability.
• Predictive analysis based on indirect research and known termite biology.

Main Results:

• Fast-growing, low-density pioneer trees, potentially including legumes, are predicted to be most vulnerable.
• Both pioneer and slow-growing climax tree species may be susceptible to invasive termites.
• Cryptotermes are predicted to have minor ecological impacts, primarily affecting dead wood.
• Coptotermes are predicted to have significant impacts, nesting in and potentially killing living trees.

Conclusions:

• Coptotermes pose a greater ecological threat than Cryptotermes due to their colony size and habit of nesting in living trees.
• There is a significant knowledge gap regarding the interactions between invasive termites, native termites, other wood-boring insects, and predators like ants.