The relationship between calcific severe aortic stenosis and systemic immune-inflammation index

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Immunology
• Biomarkers

Background:

• Calcific aortic stenosis (AS) is a prevalent valvular heart disease, particularly in the elderly.
• Inflammation is a key factor in the pathophysiology of AS.
• The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), derived from neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts, is a novel inflammation marker.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the predictive capability of SII in patients with severe calcific AS.
• To explore the correlation between SII and hemodynamic parameters in AS.

Main Methods:

• Patients with severe calcific AS were divided into High Flow-High Gradient (HFHG) and Low Flow-Low Gradient (LFLG) groups.
• A control group without AS was included for comparison.
• SII was calculated using the formula: (platelet count * neutrophil count) / lymphocyte count.

Main Results:

• SII levels were significantly higher in both HFHG and LFLG AS groups compared to controls (P < .001).
• SII showed a positive correlation with mean aortic transvalvular pressure gradient (r = .342, P < .001) and a negative correlation with Aortic Valve Area (AVA) (r = -.461, P < .001).
• Multivariate analysis identified SII as an independent predictor of severe AS (OR: 1.004, 95% CI: 1.003-1.004), with high SII (>661) being a significant predictor (OR: 5.78, 95% CI: 3.93-4.89).

Conclusions:

• The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) is a valuable tool for predicting severe calcific AS.
• SII levels are significantly associated with AS severity, correlating with key hemodynamic measures like AVA and pressure gradient.