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Antidotes for zinc intoxication in mice.

J M Llobet1, J L Domingo, J Corbella

  • 1Laboratory of Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Reus, Spain.

Archives of Toxicology
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

This study evaluated chelating agents as antidotes for acute zinc acetate poisoning in mice. Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CDTA), and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) demonstrated the most significant effectiveness.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Acute zinc acetate intoxication poses a significant health risk.
  • Chelating agents are potential antidotes for heavy metal poisoning.
  • Identifying effective antidotes is crucial for managing zinc toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of sixteen chelating agents against acute zinc acetate intoxication in mice.
  • To compare the therapeutic indices and effectiveness of various chelating agents.
  • To identify the most promising chelators for treating zinc poisoning.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were administered a lethal dose (LD50) of zinc acetate.
  • Sixteen different chelating agents were administered intraperitoneally at varying mole ratios.

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  • Survival rates and therapeutic effectiveness were assessed for each agent.

    • Main Results:

    • Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), and calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CDTA) showed significant antidotal action.
    • D-penicillamine (D-PA), dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonate (DMPS), and dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) also exhibited some efficacy.
    • Several other agents, including N-acetylcysteine and glutathione, were ineffective.
    • DTPA, CDTA, and EDTA exhibited the highest therapeutic indices and effectiveness.

    Conclusions:

    • DTPA, CDTA, and EDTA are the most effective chelating agents for acute zinc acetate intoxication in mice.
    • These agents show promise for further investigation in managing zinc poisoning.
    • The study provides valuable data for selecting antidotes in heavy metal poisoning cases.