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Effect of Thyroid Hormones on Adipose Tissue Flexibility
Lisa Volke1,2, Kerstin Krause1,2
1Medical Department III-Endocrinology, Nephrology, and Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
European Thyroid Journal
|March 29, 2021
Summary
Thyroid hormones (TH) activate brown fat for energy expenditure and promote the conversion of white fat to brown fat (browning). This review explores TH
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolism
- Adipose Tissue Biology
Background:
- Brown adipocytes are key to energy expenditure and combating obesity.
- Thyroid hormones (TH) are crucial for brown adipocyte thermogenic function.
- Emerging evidence suggests TH also induce white adipose tissue (WAT) browning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms of TH-mediated brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity.
- To summarize how TH induce WAT browning.
- To discuss the role of TH-induced WAT browning in thermoregulation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on thyroid hormones and adipose tissue.
- Analysis of molecular pathways involved in BAT activation and WAT browning.
- Synthesis of current understanding of TH's role in thermogenesis.
Main Results:
- TH enhance BAT activity and energy expenditure.
- TH promote the recruitment of brown adipocytes within WAT depots (browning).
- TH-induced browning is a significant factor in whole-body thermoregulation.
Conclusions:
- Thyroid hormones are critical regulators of both BAT activity and WAT browning.
- Understanding TH's role in browning offers potential therapeutic strategies for obesity.
- TH-mediated browning is integral to maintaining energy homeostasis and body temperature.
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