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Occlusal Vertical Dimension: Best Evidence Consensus Statement.

Gary Goldstein1, Charles Goodacre2, Kimberly MacGregor3

  • 1New York University, New York, NY.

Journal of Prosthodontics : Official Journal of the American College of Prosthodontists
|March 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Restoring occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) is crucial for extensive prosthodontic treatment. Evidence supports successful OVD restoration with proper diagnosis and planning, though interocclusal distance (IOD) varies among patients.

Keywords:
Rest vertical dimensionagingchangesfreeway spaceinter occlusal distanceocclusal vertical dimensionrestoration

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Area of Science:

  • Prosthodontic Dentistry
  • Dental Occlusion

Background:

  • Extensive prosthodontic treatment often requires restoring occlusal vertical dimension (OVD).
  • This restoration is necessitated by factors like tooth wear, tooth loss, or aged prostheses.
  • Understanding interocclusal distance (IOD) and rest vertical dimension (RVD) is key to OVD alteration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing data on interocclusal distance (IOD), rest vertical dimension (RVD), and occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) alteration.
  • To inform prosthodontic treatment based on clinical evidence.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search limited to clinical trials, RCTs, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.
  • Keywords included variations of interocclusal distance, freeway space, occlusal vertical dimension, and rest vertical dimension.
  • Extensive search strategy involved multiple databases and reference list reviews.

Main Results:

  • Interocclusal distance (IOD) showed a mean of 3.0 mm, with a functional range of 1-9 mm.
  • Limited evidence exists regarding changes in rest vertical dimension (RVD) throughout life, though aging may decrease muscle tone.
  • Restoring OVD in cases of severe abrasion demonstrated successful treatment outcomes in clinical reports.

Conclusions:

  • Interocclusal distance (IOD) varies significantly, with many patients functioning outside the typical 3.0 mm average.
  • Rest vertical dimension (RVD) is a range with minimal data on life-long changes, but aging impacts muscle tone.
  • Successful restoration of occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) is achievable with meticulous diagnosis and treatment planning.