Ocular Toxicity of Targeted Anticancer Agents.

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Oncology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Targeted anticancer agents have transformed cancer care, improving outcomes for many patients.
• These novel therapies are frequently associated with specific ocular adverse effects.
• Ophthalmologists play a crucial role in identifying and managing these treatment-related toxicities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the spectrum of ophthalmic adverse effects associated with targeted and hormonal anticancer agents.
• To provide guidance on the recognition and management of these ocular toxicities.
• To emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration between ophthalmologists and oncologists.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of ophthalmic adverse events from targeted and hormonal anticancer therapies.
• Synthesis of current knowledge on the clinical presentation and pathophysiology of ocular side effects.
• Summary of evidence-based management strategies for common and severe ocular toxicities.

Main Results:

• Various targeted and hormonal agents can induce a range of ocular side effects, including dry eye, retinopathy, and uveitis.
• Early recognition and appropriate ocular management can often prevent permanent vision loss.
• Discontinuation of cancer therapy may be necessary in rare, severe cases of vision-threatening toxicity.

Conclusions:

• Ophthalmologists must maintain a high index of suspicion for ocular adverse effects in patients receiving targeted anticancer therapy.
• Prompt diagnosis and management of ocular toxicities are essential for preserving visual function.
• Effective management strategies allow for the continuation of life-saving cancer treatments in most cases.