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Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO): a new attractive target to decrease cardiovascular risk

Ione Swanepoel1, April Roberts1, Chelsea Brauns1

  • 1School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.

Postgraduate Medical Journal
|April 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is linked to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. This review confirms a definite association between higher TMAO levels and adverse CVD outcomes, though mechanisms require further investigation.

Area of Science:

  • Metabolomics and Cardiovascular Science
  • Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a significant global health burden.
  • Multiple risk factors, both modifiable and non-modifiable, contribute to CVD.
  • Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has emerged as a potential risk factor for CVD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review existing literature on the relationship between TMAO and cardiovascular risk.
  • To establish a consensus on the significance of the TMAO-CVD interrelationship.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating TMAO and cardiovascular outcomes.
  • Analysis and synthesis of evidence from multiple research papers.
  • Critique of existing studies to identify consensus and uncertainties.

Main Results:

  • A definite link between elevated TMAO levels and increased risk of cardiovascular events was identified.
  • The majority of reviewed literature supports a correlation between TMAO and CVD outcomes.
  • Uncertainty persists regarding the precise mechanisms underlying the TMAO-CVD association.

Conclusions:

  • The association between TMAO and cardiovascular risk is scientifically established.
  • Further research is essential to elucidate the causal pathways and biological mechanisms.
  • Understanding TMAO's role may lead to novel strategies for CVD prevention and management.

Keywords:
adult cardiologybiophysicscoronary heart diseasemicrobiologypathologyvascular medicine

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