Optimal implementation of low impact development for urban stormwater quantity and quality control using...

Area of Science:

• Environmental Engineering
• Urban Hydrology
• Water Resource Management

Background:

• Urbanization significantly increases stormwater runoff and pollutant discharge, impacting water quality.
• Low Impact Development (LID) strategies are crucial for mitigating urban stormwater issues.
• Optimizing LID control combinations is essential for cost-effective runoff and pollutant reduction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and apply a simulation-optimization model for identifying optimal LID control strategies.
• To minimize peak stormwater runoff, total suspended solids (TSS), and total nitrogen (TN) in the BUNUS catchment.
• To determine the most effective LID types and combinations for urban stormwater management.

Main Methods:

• Linked the EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) with Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) in MATLAB.
• Utilized SWMM to simulate runoff and pollutant loads (TSS, TN) for the BUNUS catchment.
• Employed MOPSO to identify optimal combinations and quantities of LID controls (vegetated swales, rain gardens).

Main Results:

• The integrated model successfully optimized LID control application for stormwater management.
• Peak runoff, TSS, and TN were reduced by 13%, 38%, and 24%, respectively.
• The optimal number of LID controls for the BUNUS catchment was determined to be 25.

Conclusions:

• The simulation-optimization approach effectively identified cost-efficient LID strategies for urban stormwater management.
• Implementing 25 optimized LID controls significantly enhances urban water quality and reduces runoff.
• This study provides a valuable framework for optimizing LID implementation in similar urban catchments.